Cement compound



106. COMPOSITIONS,

COATING R PLASTIC.

Y ,csMiiN:

To all whom it may concerns Be it known that I, CHARLES J. EVERETT, of Tenafiy, in the county of Bergen and State of New J ersey,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cement Compounds, of

I which the following is a specification. This invention is the result of experiments by which I have made the discovery that the re cements of which Portland and Rosendale are examples, are productiveof a very imcements; r Y I The said invention which is based upon the i above mentioned discovery therefore consists v i in a newcement compound composed of hydraulic cement and chloride of calcium. My experiments haveled to the further discovery that said compound of hydraulic cem- .20 out and chloride of calcium 15 or or 1111- proved by ea 1 1011 0 me and my invention therefore consists also in a cement compound composed of hydrauliccement,lime and chloride of calcium. The efiects of the addition of chloride of calcium to the various hydraulic cements vary somewhat with the diiferent kinds of cement. In general it may be stated that the chloride Q r renders the cement mortar more plgggic and u. e of finer im ressl in takin casts from mo ds an at in most cases it hastens the sett ng of cements without injury to them which is an important result to the ,tzwork done on public thoroughfares, in damp cellars and in cold weather. The chloride of calcium also renders any indurated cement decidedly harder and tougher, and I have also found that it has the valuable property of preventing the plastic mortar of cements from freezing in very cold weather, so thatsuch :much below the freezing point. concentrated solution of chloride of callei-um will dissolve a sensible quantity of lime 5 say one to two per cent. and will gelatinize a ';-.much larger proportion; hence in those bydraulic cements which are deficient in lime, r the latter ingredient maybe introduced when dissolving it in a solution of chloride ofgcalcin'm. i 1 In carrying out my invention 1 00mm y" usejthe chloride of ealciuminsolution in: a

EWQ flack oi1 RtEsJEvEaETnor TENAFLY,

TEBBIPOUND rI/S i $PEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,757, dated March 6, 1894. g v Application filed February 7.1891- Serial No. 880,620. (No specimens.)

addition of chloride of calcium to hydraulic.

portant improvement in the quality, of such lcium mortar. can be laid safely at temperatures,

1 to secure by Letters Patent, is-- V the'cement mortar is mixed, in the fornnmost 7 3o suitable for chemical combination, by first.

' E gg V ter.' The solution may be applied to the hy- 5 5.

drauli'cements in various ways; for instance, .1 (first) it may be used instead of clear water for wetting up the cement to make the mor tar or (seco'nd)it may be applied to the surface of the soft plastic mortar, after the latter 6o has been laid in place as for pavements, or (third) it may be used as a bath forindurated objects or masses of mortar.

In general I have found that the strongest and highest grades of cement will bear the strongest dose of chloride of calcium and that 1 g for the inferior cements the strength of the solution must be reduced. This rule applies to cases where the solution is mixed directly with the plastic mortar, and not to surface 170 I treatment of indurated mortar. 'I find-it necessary to test. each diiferent variety of cement with the solution to determine the strength of the solution it will bear. My standard solution of chloride of calcium for summer use .is about 45 Baum and for winter use about 35 aume. With some of the strongest Ger nmfland cements I have attained tE bes resu b ,jstandard solutio without dilution, eitherg gei niixing the mortar or for surface treat f j;- gith' weak Portland cements I have or} .tion diluted with from o f volume of water. .In t a, so-called Rosendale cemen ally safer to mix the dry cement with w'ate and let the mortar thoroughly set, and then apply my strong solution to thes'urface until no more is absorbed. The surface is thus rendered. very cinch harder. To prevent 1 freezing in cold weather, the solution oi -[35. Bauni may be diluted with twice its volume v of water and thus prepared, used to wet thecement. 5 f; What I claim as my invention, and desire 1. A cement compound composed of a come out which is itself hydraulic and chloride of." calcium, substantially as herein set forth.

, 2. A cement compound composed of acorn out which is itself hydraulic, chloride of cal cium and lime, substantially as he i 

